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成人高考专升本英语温习材料
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第一节 名 词(null)
纲领请求把握:
一、可数名词与不可数名词
二、可数名词的双数情势
三、名词的一切格
四、名词在句子中的感化
一、可数名词与不可数名词
名词分可数与不可数两种。
可数名词表现某类人或工具中的个别。如table, country.
或表现多少个别组成的调集体。如 family, people, committee, police.
不可数名词表现没法分为个别的什物。如air, tea, furniture, water.
或表现举措、状况、品德、豪情等笼统观点。如work, information, advice, happiness.
有些名词在一种场所下是可数名词,在另外一种场所下是不可数名词。
如room 房间(可数),空间(不可数)
time 时候(不可数),次数(可数)
fish 鱼(不可数),各类百般的鱼(可数)
比拟以下例句:
There are nine rooms in the house. (房间,可数名词)
There isn't enough room for us three in the car . (空间,不可数名词)
不可数名词的数目能够经由过程在厥后面加单元词来表现。
如: 一块肉 a piece of meat
两条长面包 two loaves of bread
三件家具 three articles of furniture
一大笔钱 a large sum of money
二、可数名词的双数情势
可数名词有双数和双数两种情势。名词双数的组成以下:
1.通俗环境下在名词后加-s.如:girls, books.
★浊子音、元音开首,s发[z]
2.以s, x , ch, sh开首的词在名词后加-es.如:glasses, boxes, matches, bushes.
★以s, x , ch, sh开首,es发[iz]
3.“子音字母+y”开首的词,变y为i再加-es.如:city-cities, country-countries.
4.以o开首的词大都加-es.如:heroes, tomatoes, potatoes.
radios, zoos, photos, pianos, kilos 破例。
5.f, fe 开首的词,大都变f,fe为v再加-es.如:thief-thieves, leaf-leaves, half-halves, life-lives, wife-wives, knife-knives.
多数名词有不法则的双数情势。如:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, child-children, mouse-mice.
★可数名词双数通俗环境下考不法则双数情势。
个别名词的双数和双数的情势是一样的。如Chineses, Japanese, sheep, deer.
三、名词的一切格
名词的一切格表现所属干系, 起描述词的感化。
当名词表现有性命的工具时,一切格通俗是在词尾加 's .
如:Jean's room, my daughter-in-law's friends, my daughters-in-law's friends, children's books.
若是名词已有了双数词尾s, 则只要加'.如:the teachers' books, my parents' car.
时候名词的一切格在后面加's ,双数加' .如:today's newspaper, five minutes' walk.
当名词表现无性命的工具时,一切格常由“of”短语组成。
如:the top of the world, the cover of the book, China's capital.
加 's 或 ' 的名词一切格能够表现店肆或或人的家。
如:the grocer's, the tailor's, the Smith's .
★名词一切格测验罕见局部是
名词表现不性命的工具时,不能间接在厥后加's.
时候名词一切格在厥后加's,或双数名词后间接加'.
四、名词在句子中的感化
名词在句子中能够作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语,偶然能够作状语。
名词、代词或其余布局作主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语对峙分歧。
1.主语是可数名词双数时,谓语动词用双数情势;主语是双数时,谓语动词用双数情势。
All roads lead to Rome.(条条亨衢通罗马。)
His brother is an industrial engineer.
The number of the students attending the party is increasing.
★the number of 表现数目,不管后面名词是双数仍是双数,谓语动词是双数情势。
Two-thirds of the shop belongs to me.
★two-thirds 三分之二
几分之几作主语,谓语是双数情势。
belong to 属于或人
Both of us are studying English.
★总结:在名词作主语时,the number of 谓语动词双数情势;
几分之几,谓语双数情势;
both 谓语利用双数情势。
2、主语是不可数名词、不定式或动名词词组、从句时,谓语动词用双数情势。
All the money he received was given to his mother.
Forgetting the past means betrayal.
What we are talking now is useless.
3.主语局部如有as well as, with, together with, like, but, except等短语,谓语动词的单、双数与短语后面的名词分歧。
Mary, as well as her two sisters, is a student of this school.
(as well as her two sisters 作主语Mary的主语补足语,主语 Mary 是双数,以是谓语动词用双数情势)
No one except my friends knows anything about it.
4.表现时候、间隔、分量、代价等的双数名词作主语时,若是看成全体对待,谓语动词用双数情势。“…+(×)…=…”算式中的谓语动词也用双数情势。
Three times two is six.
Three kilometers is 3,ooo metres. (three kilometers作为全体来看)
5.Either, neither作主语时,谓语动词用双数情势。
Neither of us has been to Italy.
Has either of them been to Shanghai?
none代表可数的人或工具时,谓语动词能够用双数也能够用双数,代表不可数的工具时,谓语动词用双数情势。
None of the students have/has seen the film.
None of the money belongs to me.
6.主语由either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also毗连时,谓语情势由最邻近的主语决议。
Not only you but also I am wrong.
Neither my aunt nor I am going out this afternoon.
Either you or she is to do the work.
7.主语中有and,若是表现单一观点,谓语动词用双数。
The bread and butter is nice.
8.主语前有many a, more than one润色时,谓语动词用双数情势。
Many a book has been read by the students.
★many a book=many books
More than one person has been to the Great Wall.
9.调集名词作主语,看成全体对待时,谓语动词用双数情势,看成每个自力的个别对待时,谓语动词用双数。
The committee meets once a year. (作为全体)
The committee are having a meeting now. (作为自力个别)
People, police作主语时,谓语动词用双数情势。
The police have come to arrest him.
名词局部测验重点
1、可数名词与不可数名词里,哪几个词是不可数名词。
2、可数名词双数情势重点把握不法则情势,单、双数不异的名词。
3、名词一切格重点把握时候名词一切格在厥后加's,双数加'.
4、名词在句中的感化,重点把握适才的9点。
考点测试
1.Ten days ______ long enough for Mr. Carter to finish his design. He doesn't need any more.
A. is B. has been C. was D. had been
ten days 作为一个全体对待,谓语用双数情势。(注重时态)
谜底 A
2. Now, many people use the word Ms instead of Miss or Mrs, for example, before the names of ______ in business letters.
A. woman manager B. women manager C. woman managers D. women managers
names 是双数情势,厥后的名词必定是双数。
两个名词变为双数,两个都要变。
谜底 D
3. The number of students who failed the chemistry examination _____ to fifteen.
A. have increased B. has increased C. is increased D. are increasing
the number of 谓语动词用双数。
谜底 B
4. Neither John nor his father _______ able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.
A. was B. were C. would be D. have been
neither……nor谓语动词跟相邻的主语分歧。
谜底 A
5. The room is eight _______ long.
A. foot B. foots C. feet D. feets
foot 英尺,双数情势 feet
谜底 C
6. When autumn comes, the ______ of trees begin to fall.
A. leafs B. leafes C. leaves D. leaf
leaf 的双数情势 leaves
谜底 C
7. The flood has done _____ to this area.
A. damages B. many damages C. much damage D. damaging
8. Not only the students but also their teacher ______ at the meeting.
A. was present B. were present C. have been presented D. has been presented
not only…… but also 谓语动词与相邻名词分歧。
present 显现,先容
谜底 A
9. One of the things she wrote about ______ life on a small farm at the beginning of the century.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
one of 谓语用双数。
谜底 B
10. Only about one out of twelve of the young men and women of this country _____ college education.
A. receive B. receives C. have received D. have been received
one out of 谓语用双数情势。
谜底 B
11. Never before ______ so many people been engaged in producing goods just for the comfort of man.
A. has B. have C. will D. would
never before开首,句子倒装。
主语so many people为双数。
engage in doing sth. 忙于做某事。
谜底 B
12. At the bus stop _______ a soldier and two young people on their way to North Carolina.
A. were B. was C. is D. sits and waits
主语 a soldier and two young people为双数
谜底 A
13. There ______ the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream.
A. goes B. go C. gone D. was gone
主语 the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream双数
谜底 B
14. Mr. Brown, and not I , ________ chosen to be the representative of the class.
A. is B. am C. are D. have been
主语 Mr.Brown
谜底 A
15. The teacher, as well as a number of students, _______ to attend the party.
A. ask B. asks C. was asked D. were asked
谓语动词与as well as后面的名词分歧。
谜底 C
16. The hostess together with the guests of honor ________ comfortably in the living room.
A. was seated B. seated C. were seated D. were seating
谓语与 together with 前的名词分歧
be seated 就座
Please be seated ladies and gentlmen.
Seat the boy next to his brother.
谜底 A
17. The father, rather than the brothers, _______ responsible for the accident.
A. is B. are C. have been D. has
主语 the father ,双数
be responsible for 对……担任
谜底 A
18. Either Carol or Grace ______ to the concert, but one of them has to stay home.
A. is coming B. are coming C. will coming D. have come
either……or 谓语动词与邻近主语分歧。
谜底 A
19. The total amount of money ______ 100 dollars.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
money 不可数名词,谓语动词双数。
谜底 A
20. Great quantities of fish _____ on high seas.
A. is caught B. are caught C. catch D. is catching
quantities 双数情势
谜底 B
21. Either of the young ladies _____ perfectly qualified to teach Greek and Latin.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
either打头,谓语动词双数。
谜底 A
22. Having studied your report carefully, I am convinced that neither of your solutions _____ correct.
A. are B. is C. had D. will
neither 二者都不,谓语动词双数。
谜底 B
23. In some countries each of the citizens ______ to decide government policies.
A. helps B. help C. are helped D. is helped
each 每个,谓语动词双数。
谜底 A
24. The nurse added_____ to the medcine to make the ease for the child to take.
A. some sugar B. some sugars C. a sugar D. sugars
suger 不可数名词
谜底 A
take medcine 吃药
25. “I like your furniture very much.”
“Thank you. We bought ____ in Beijing.”
A. the most of them B. the most of it C. most of them D. most of it
furniture 不可数名词
谜底 D
26. Jim was upset last night because he had to do too______.
A. many homework B. a few homeworks C. few homeworks D. much homework
homework 不可数名词
谜底 D
27. I'm going away for a ______.
A. holiday of a week B. week holiday C. holiday week D. week's holiday
表现时候的名词一切格能够在厥后加's .
谜底 D
纲领请求把握:
一、可数名词与不可数名词
二、可数名词的双数情势
三、名词的一切格
四、名词在句子中的感化
一、可数名词与不可数名词
名词分可数与不可数两种。
可数名词表现某类人或工具中的个别。如table, country.
或表现多少个别组成的调集体。如 family, people, committee, police.
不可数名词表现没法分为个别的什物。如air, tea, furniture, water.
或表现举措、状况、品德、豪情等笼统观点。如work, information, advice, happiness.
有些名词在一种场所下是可数名词,在另外一种场所下是不可数名词。
如room 房间(可数),空间(不可数)
time 时候(不可数),次数(可数)
fish 鱼(不可数),各类百般的鱼(可数)
比拟以下例句:
There are nine rooms in the house. (房间,可数名词)
There isn't enough room for us three in the car . (空间,不可数名词)
不可数名词的数目能够经由过程在厥后面加单元词来表现。
如: 一块肉 a piece of meat
两条长面包 two loaves of bread
三件家具 three articles of furniture
一大笔钱 a large sum of money
二、可数名词的双数情势
可数名词有双数和双数两种情势。名词双数的组成以下:
1.通俗环境下在名词后加-s.如:girls, books.
★浊子音、元音开首,s发[z]
2.以s, x , ch, sh开首的词在名词后加-es.如:glasses, boxes, matches, bushes.
★以s, x , ch, sh开首,es发[iz]
3.“子音字母+y”开首的词,变y为i再加-es.如:city-cities, country-countries.
4.以o开首的词大都加-es.如:heroes, tomatoes, potatoes.
radios, zoos, photos, pianos, kilos 破例。
5.f, fe 开首的词,大都变f,fe为v再加-es.如:thief-thieves, leaf-leaves, half-halves, life-lives, wife-wives, knife-knives.
多数名词有不法则的双数情势。如:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, child-children, mouse-mice.
★可数名词双数通俗环境下考不法则双数情势。
个别名词的双数和双数的情势是一样的。如Chineses, Japanese, sheep, deer.
三、名词的一切格
名词的一切格表现所属干系, 起描述词的感化。
当名词表现有性命的工具时,一切格通俗是在词尾加 's .
如:Jean's room, my daughter-in-law's friends, my daughters-in-law's friends, children's books.
若是名词已有了双数词尾s, 则只要加'.如:the teachers' books, my parents' car.
时候名词的一切格在后面加's ,双数加' .如:today's newspaper, five minutes' walk.
当名词表现无性命的工具时,一切格常由“of”短语组成。
如:the top of the world, the cover of the book, China's capital.
加 's 或 ' 的名词一切格能够表现店肆或或人的家。
如:the grocer's, the tailor's, the Smith's .
★名词一切格测验罕见局部是
名词表现不性命的工具时,不能间接在厥后加's.
时候名词一切格在厥后加's,或双数名词后间接加'.
四、名词在句子中的感化
名词在句子中能够作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语,偶然能够作状语。
名词、代词或其余布局作主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语对峙分歧。
1.主语是可数名词双数时,谓语动词用双数情势;主语是双数时,谓语动词用双数情势。
All roads lead to Rome.(条条亨衢通罗马。)
His brother is an industrial engineer.
The number of the students attending the party is increasing.
★the number of 表现数目,不管后面名词是双数仍是双数,谓语动词是双数情势。
Two-thirds of the shop belongs to me.
★two-thirds 三分之二
几分之几作主语,谓语是双数情势。
belong to 属于或人
Both of us are studying English.
★总结:在名词作主语时,the number of 谓语动词双数情势;
几分之几,谓语双数情势;
both 谓语利用双数情势。
2、主语是不可数名词、不定式或动名词词组、从句时,谓语动词用双数情势。
All the money he received was given to his mother.
Forgetting the past means betrayal.
What we are talking now is useless.
3.主语局部如有as well as, with, together with, like, but, except等短语,谓语动词的单、双数与短语后面的名词分歧。
Mary, as well as her two sisters, is a student of this school.
(as well as her two sisters 作主语Mary的主语补足语,主语 Mary 是双数,以是谓语动词用双数情势)
No one except my friends knows anything about it.
4.表现时候、间隔、分量、代价等的双数名词作主语时,若是看成全体对待,谓语动词用双数情势。“…+(×)…=…”算式中的谓语动词也用双数情势。
Three times two is six.
Three kilometers is 3,ooo metres. (three kilometers作为全体来看)
5.Either, neither作主语时,谓语动词用双数情势。
Neither of us has been to Italy.
Has either of them been to Shanghai?
none代表可数的人或工具时,谓语动词能够用双数也能够用双数,代表不可数的工具时,谓语动词用双数情势。
None of the students have/has seen the film.
None of the money belongs to me.
6.主语由either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also毗连时,谓语情势由最邻近的主语决议。
Not only you but also I am wrong.
Neither my aunt nor I am going out this afternoon.
Either you or she is to do the work.
7.主语中有and,若是表现单一观点,谓语动词用双数。
The bread and butter is nice.
8.主语前有many a, more than one润色时,谓语动词用双数情势。
Many a book has been read by the students.
★many a book=many books
More than one person has been to the Great Wall.
9.调集名词作主语,看成全体对待时,谓语动词用双数情势,看成每个自力的个别对待时,谓语动词用双数。
The committee meets once a year. (作为全体)
The committee are having a meeting now. (作为自力个别)
People, police作主语时,谓语动词用双数情势。
The police have come to arrest him.
名词局部测验重点
1、可数名词与不可数名词里,哪几个词是不可数名词。
2、可数名词双数情势重点把握不法则情势,单、双数不异的名词。
3、名词一切格重点把握时候名词一切格在厥后加's,双数加'.
4、名词在句中的感化,重点把握适才的9点。
考点测试
1.Ten days ______ long enough for Mr. Carter to finish his design. He doesn't need any more.
A. is B. has been C. was D. had been
ten days 作为一个全体对待,谓语用双数情势。(注重时态)
谜底 A
2. Now, many people use the word Ms instead of Miss or Mrs, for example, before the names of ______ in business letters.
A. woman manager B. women manager C. woman managers D. women managers
names 是双数情势,厥后的名词必定是双数。
两个名词变为双数,两个都要变。
谜底 D
3. The number of students who failed the chemistry examination _____ to fifteen.
A. have increased B. has increased C. is increased D. are increasing
the number of 谓语动词用双数。
谜底 B
4. Neither John nor his father _______ able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.
A. was B. were C. would be D. have been
neither……nor谓语动词跟相邻的主语分歧。
谜底 A
5. The room is eight _______ long.
A. foot B. foots C. feet D. feets
foot 英尺,双数情势 feet
谜底 C
6. When autumn comes, the ______ of trees begin to fall.
A. leafs B. leafes C. leaves D. leaf
leaf 的双数情势 leaves
谜底 C
7. The flood has done _____ to this area.
A. damages B. many damages C. much damage D. damaging
8. Not only the students but also their teacher ______ at the meeting.
A. was present B. were present C. have been presented D. has been presented
not only…… but also 谓语动词与相邻名词分歧。
present 显现,先容
谜底 A
9. One of the things she wrote about ______ life on a small farm at the beginning of the century.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
one of 谓语用双数。
谜底 B
10. Only about one out of twelve of the young men and women of this country _____ college education.
A. receive B. receives C. have received D. have been received
one out of 谓语用双数情势。
谜底 B
11. Never before ______ so many people been engaged in producing goods just for the comfort of man.
A. has B. have C. will D. would
never before开首,句子倒装。
主语so many people为双数。
engage in doing sth. 忙于做某事。
谜底 B
12. At the bus stop _______ a soldier and two young people on their way to North Carolina.
A. were B. was C. is D. sits and waits
主语 a soldier and two young people为双数
谜底 A
13. There ______ the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream.
A. goes B. go C. gone D. was gone
主语 the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream双数
谜底 B
14. Mr. Brown, and not I , ________ chosen to be the representative of the class.
A. is B. am C. are D. have been
主语 Mr.Brown
谜底 A
15. The teacher, as well as a number of students, _______ to attend the party.
A. ask B. asks C. was asked D. were asked
谓语动词与as well as后面的名词分歧。
谜底 C
16. The hostess together with the guests of honor ________ comfortably in the living room.
A. was seated B. seated C. were seated D. were seating
谓语与 together with 前的名词分歧
be seated 就座
Please be seated ladies and gentlmen.
Seat the boy next to his brother.
谜底 A
17. The father, rather than the brothers, _______ responsible for the accident.
A. is B. are C. have been D. has
主语 the father ,双数
be responsible for 对……担任
谜底 A
18. Either Carol or Grace ______ to the concert, but one of them has to stay home.
A. is coming B. are coming C. will coming D. have come
either……or 谓语动词与邻近主语分歧。
谜底 A
19. The total amount of money ______ 100 dollars.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
money 不可数名词,谓语动词双数。
谜底 A
20. Great quantities of fish _____ on high seas.
A. is caught B. are caught C. catch D. is catching
quantities 双数情势
谜底 B
21. Either of the young ladies _____ perfectly qualified to teach Greek and Latin.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
either打头,谓语动词双数。
谜底 A
22. Having studied your report carefully, I am convinced that neither of your solutions _____ correct.
A. are B. is C. had D. will
neither 二者都不,谓语动词双数。
谜底 B
23. In some countries each of the citizens ______ to decide government policies.
A. helps B. help C. are helped D. is helped
each 每个,谓语动词双数。
谜底 A
24. The nurse added_____ to the medcine to make the ease for the child to take.
A. some sugar B. some sugars C. a sugar D. sugars
suger 不可数名词
谜底 A
take medcine 吃药
25. “I like your furniture very much.”
“Thank you. We bought ____ in Beijing.”
A. the most of them B. the most of it C. most of them D. most of it
furniture 不可数名词
谜底 D
26. Jim was upset last night because he had to do too______.
A. many homework B. a few homeworks C. few homeworks D. much homework
homework 不可数名词
谜底 D
27. I'm going away for a ______.
A. holiday of a week B. week holiday C. holiday week D. week's holiday
表现时候的名词一切格能够在厥后加's .
谜底 D
湖南工商大学自考报名体例:
1. 间接来我校征询、报名。报名时带好身份证及正背面复印件2张、蓝底2寸相片4张。(专升本在校生由黉舍开具证实, 毕业生应交毕业证复印件)专业自考先生筹办好小我材料和第一年膏火,间接过去黉舍报名。
2.征询优游: 0731-88860268 15367809811 (曹教员)
3.您能够点击在线征询>>或间接点击>>
1. 间接来我校征询、报名。报名时带好身份证及正背面复印件2张、蓝底2寸相片4张。(专升本在校生由黉舍开具证实, 毕业生应交毕业证复印件)专业自考先生筹办好小我材料和第一年膏火,间接过去黉舍报名。
2.征询优游: 0731-88860268 15367809811 (曹教员)
3.您能够点击在线征询>>或间接点击>>
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